供熱系統(tǒng)多機(jī)組供給、多參數(shù)輸出
每一路供熱的出力(load)控制設(shè)備,都是在各臺(tái)機(jī)組的DCS中控制。多路供熱同時(shí)供給某一條母管,就需要有一個(gè)負(fù)荷(load)協(xié)調(diào)、分配機(jī)制。
?長距離供熱
供熱距離遠(yuǎn)(2~5km),管道的容積效應(yīng)顯著、系統(tǒng)慣性大。
?用戶對(duì)蒸汽參數(shù)的控制精度、可靠性和穩(wěn)定性有著嚴(yán)苛的要求
供熱客戶為化工企業(yè),客戶對(duì)供熱參數(shù)的穩(wěn)定性、安全性有極嚴(yán)格的要求,如供熱參數(shù)超過允許值時(shí),會(huì)影響用戶的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,如果供熱斷供會(huì)造成用戶更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,同時(shí)電廠也會(huì)被商業(yè)罰款。
?不斷進(jìn)行的擴(kuò)容改造
在艾默生實(shí)施供熱系統(tǒng)控制優(yōu)化的過程中,客戶還在不斷地改造、完善其供熱工藝系統(tǒng)。
?經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度
在實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)調(diào)度、可靠調(diào)度的同時(shí),客戶希望能兼顧經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度,提高供熱的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
■ 艾默生解決方案
?新建供熱控制中心
建立一個(gè)獨(dú)立于機(jī)組、可實(shí)現(xiàn)跨機(jī)組調(diào)度、跨機(jī)組備用控制的新的DCS系統(tǒng)----供熱調(diào)度中心,來協(xié)調(diào)各機(jī)組的供熱蒸汽負(fù)荷,使其總供熱量與熱用戶需求之間的保持平衡,進(jìn)而維持供熱壓力的穩(wěn)定。供熱中心監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),本著無人值守的設(shè)計(jì)理念,提高控制的自動(dòng)化水平。供熱中心控制供熱系統(tǒng)公用設(shè)備及系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行,負(fù)責(zé)供熱負(fù)荷調(diào)度,發(fā)電機(jī)組完成機(jī)組側(cè)設(shè)備的基本控制,并執(zhí)行調(diào)度指令。同時(shí),熱調(diào)中心也是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度、智能供熱的處理平臺(tái)。
?對(duì)6段供熱母管壓力進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)距離精確控制
創(chuàng)新地集成了串級(jí)控制、變參數(shù)控制與智能動(dòng)態(tài)前饋補(bǔ)償?shù)目刂萍夹g(shù),結(jié)合專家經(jīng)驗(yàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)全工況下多母管的蒸汽壓力精準(zhǔn)控制。(項(xiàng)目完成后,所有母管壓力控制的最大動(dòng)態(tài)偏差均不超過±0.1Mpa,滿足熱用戶嚴(yán)格要求。)
hardware. As mentioned earlier: the first scheme selects cpu226, which is a 40 point PLC, and the price is more than 1000 yuan higher than that of 24 point cpu224. It also needs to be equipped with eight 8-output expansion modules. The cost of PLC and modules alone is as high as 7 ~ 8000 yuan. In the second scheme, cpu224 and a hardware circuit board are selected, and the cost can be between 2000 and 3000 yuan: the price of 4514, 4555 and 1413 is about 10 yuan, and the cost of 20 transistors is 20 yuan. With the printed board, resistance and printed board, the whole hardware cost is only tens of yuan, which is lower than the price of an output port of PLC.
2. If the working current of the solenoid valve is large, the first scheme can not directly connect the solenoid valve with the output port of PLC. It is necessary to add 60 intermediate relays or 60 crystal power tubes, resistors and other components, which not only increases the cost, but also adds a printed circuit board to place 60