變頻器的額定電流是基于一定的海拔高度、額定電壓、額定載波頻率制定的,若超出規(guī)定,將造成變頻器降容使用。水泥廠在變頻器選型時(shí)應(yīng)按下述方法修正容量:當(dāng)海拔高度高于1Km時(shí),每增加1Km,變頻器額定電流應(yīng)相應(yīng)降低6%左右;輸入電壓每增加2%,變頻器額定電流應(yīng)按4%向下降修正,載波頻率高于額定載波頻率時(shí),也應(yīng)對(duì)額定電流作相應(yīng)修正。
(2)變頻器的外部配置。為防止操作過電壓,變頻器與電機(jī)間不宜裝設(shè)接觸器;變頻器內(nèi)部整流電路前若沒有快速熔斷器,變頻器與電源之間應(yīng)外配符合要求的快速熔斷器,不能用空氣斷路器代替熔斷器。
(3)設(shè)計(jì)施工時(shí),變頻器配線應(yīng)該注意以下幾方面:①嚴(yán)禁將輸出端子接到工頻電源上,以免損壞變頻器。②至電機(jī)的連接電纜應(yīng)采用屏蔽電纜或鎧裝電纜(最好采用專用變頻電纜),穿金屬管敷設(shè);截?cái)嚯娎|的端頭應(yīng)盡可能整齊,未屏蔽的線段盡可能短;電纜的長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)限制在各變頻器規(guī)定的距離以內(nèi),為防諧波漏電流的影響,至電機(jī)的接地線應(yīng)直接連接到變頻器相應(yīng)的接地端子上,接地線不得與其他動(dòng)力設(shè)備共用。③如變頻器由外部信號(hào)控制,控制線需要使用屏敝線,該線應(yīng)在變頻器側(cè)就近接地端子接地,在強(qiáng)干擾環(huán)境中,頻率控制信號(hào)可由電壓控制方式改為電流控制方式。④變頻器的各種接地在沒匯到接地匯流排前,彼此間應(yīng)絕緣,避免接地干擾。
2.4轉(zhuǎn)矩提升功能的選擇
在采用VVVF通用變頻器時(shí),應(yīng)注意轉(zhuǎn)矩提升曲線的設(shè)定,轉(zhuǎn)矩提升選得過小會(huì)使電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩不足,啟動(dòng)困難;選得過大,電動(dòng)機(jī)磁通飽和損耗將相應(yīng)增加。對(duì)啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩較大的負(fù)荷,轉(zhuǎn)矩提升曲線應(yīng)設(shè)定的大一點(diǎn),對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)類負(fù)載應(yīng)設(shè)定小一些。
3、結(jié)束語
在水泥廠工程中推廣使用大功率變頻器,帶來的不僅是節(jié)能所產(chǎn)生的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,還有其他的附加效益:通過變頻器實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)的軟啟動(dòng),降低了啟動(dòng)電流,避免了啟動(dòng)時(shí)的機(jī)械沖擊,延長(zhǎng)了電動(dòng)機(jī)壽命;采用結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、可靠耐用的鼠籠電機(jī),從而降低了電動(dòng)機(jī)的價(jià)格、維護(hù)工作量及費(fèi)用;水泥廠排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中粉塵含量較大,對(duì)高速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)機(jī)及檔板磨損很大,采用變頻調(diào)速后,電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速降低,檔板全開,磨損大大減少,延長(zhǎng)了使用壽命,降低了設(shè)備檢修費(fèi)用;通過轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)風(fēng)壓及風(fēng)量進(jìn)行調(diào)整,扣件簡(jiǎn)單靈活,反應(yīng)時(shí)間快,易與DCS系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成自動(dòng)控制回路,提高了自動(dòng)化控制水平。所以在水泥廠采用高壓變頻器是不可避免的趨勢(shì),希望通過本文對(duì)大功率變頻器的一些介紹及探討,對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)人員應(yīng)用大功率變頻器時(shí)能有所幫助automation system. Based on the initial process description, Shanghai Siemens Industrial Automation Co., Ltd. (SIAS) provided the first version of the automation solution. "We want to be the best, so choose the best"
Rongsheng regards the following most important conditions as the criteria for selecting process control solutions: safety involving potential operational risks of personnel and environment; Ability to create an operating environment that meets validation; Plan flexibility to deal with future development and new products; Fully understand the process and form the project implementation quality of the best solution.
Li Li, assistant general manager of Rongsheng pharmaceutical, is convinced that SIAS meets all requirements: "Siemens has some excellent successful engineering cases in China's blood products industry. SIAS has proved its engineering ability, fully understands the process, and provides reasonable solutions to challenges and problems."
The final implementation