IS200VAICH1DAB燃機通用卡件
對于繼電器未供電,常開點已經(jīng)吸合的情況,即繼電器觸點短路失效,一般存在以下三種可能,下面對以下三種可能原因一一進行分析排查:
1.繼電器動作頻率過高,使用次數(shù)已超過繼電器所能承受的開關次數(shù);
2.繼電器所處環(huán)境溫度過高;
3.繼電器流經(jīng)浪涌電流過大。
IS200VAICH1DAB燃機通用卡件通過對圖1電路工作原理的分析和實際監(jiān)測繼電器K1觸點兩端電壓,繼電器K1僅在上電過程中動作,正常工作后觸點不會再有開關動作,因此繼電器K1的開關次數(shù)僅與人為輸入的開關次數(shù)有關。通過查閱繼電器的規(guī)格書可知,該繼電器的使用次數(shù)為1*104次,產(chǎn)品還在調(diào)試階段,不可能達到1*104次,所以不是使用次數(shù)超過壽命的原因?qū)е??!更S色為輸入電壓,藍色為繼電器觸點電流」
通過實際測量,如圖2,該繼電器工作時觸點電流約3A,繼電器環(huán)境溫度為83℃。查閱本款應用的繼電器規(guī)格書標明環(huán)境耐溫參數(shù)為10A/85℃,通入電流7A時可用于105℃,對比實際使用的環(huán)境和電流,可以排除由于使用環(huán)境溫度過高的原因?qū)е??!更S色為輸入電壓,藍色為繼電器觸點電流」
繼電器K1后端負載為感性負載(L1、L2)及容性負載(C1、C2、C8),實測繼電器K1觸點電流,如圖3所示。從圖中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)繼電器K1觸點在導通后的一段時間內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了尖峰電流,最大尖峰Imax=39.4A。繼電器規(guī)格參數(shù)最大耐電流10A,而在調(diào)試產(chǎn)品時經(jīng)過多次開機產(chǎn)生的浪涌電流沖擊(39.4A)會使觸點處損傷進而導致粘合失效。
03 繼電器吸合中出現(xiàn)浪涌電流的原因
通過排查,了解到繼電器觸點短路失效的原因是繼電器流經(jīng)浪涌電流過大,那么在圖1的電路中,是什么原因引起繼電器吸合中出現(xiàn)浪涌電流,對以下可能導致浪涌電流的器件進行監(jiān)測和分析:
1)是否PFC電感L2飽和;
2)是否L1差模電感飽和;
3)是否π型濾波電容C1太大;
4)是否PFC限制鉗位電流太大。
principles of PCB design, and meet the requirements of anti-interference design.
1、 General principles of PCB design
In order to obtain the best performance of electronic circuits, the layout of components and wires is very important. In order to design PCB with good quality and low cost, the following general principles should be followed.
1. Layout of special components
First of all, we should consider the size of PCB: when the size of PCB is too large, the printing line is long, the impedance increases, the anti noise ability decreases, and the cost also increases; If it is too small, the heat dissipation is poor, and the adjacent lines are easy to be disturbed. After determining the size of PCB, determine the position of special components. Finally, according to the functional units of the circuit, all components of the circuit are laid out.
The following principles shall be observed when determining the position of special components:
① Try to shorten the wiring between high-frequency components and try to reduce their distribution parameters and mutual electromagnetic interference. Components that