IC697MDL653燃機(jī)電氣
過(guò)濾干凈的電流通過(guò)開(kāi)關(guān)電源芯片LM2576變換為系統(tǒng)使用的5V電源。電容E7和C11對(duì)輸出5V電源進(jìn)行濾波,電阻R18和發(fā)光二極管D28指示當(dāng)前是否有電。在某些對(duì)可靠性要求更高的電源系統(tǒng)中,可以考慮采用寬輸入電壓范圍的DC/DC模塊進(jìn)行電源變換,如圖3所示。這種DC/DC模塊的輸入和輸出完全隔離,輸入范圍很寬。標(biāo)稱輸入電壓為12V的DC/DC電源的允許輸入范圍是9~18V;標(biāo)稱輸入電壓為24V的DC/DC電源模塊的允許輸入范圍是18~36V。
IC697MDL653燃機(jī)電氣這兩種電路都經(jīng)歷了實(shí)際應(yīng)用的考驗(yàn),實(shí)踐證明,不管在汽油車上還是在柴油車上都穩(wěn)定可靠。 線路板設(shè)計(jì)需注意的抗干擾問(wèn)題 線路板的布線對(duì)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能影響很大,本系統(tǒng)布線主要從以下幾點(diǎn)進(jìn)行考慮。 ● 盡量加粗電源線和地線,在電源入口處盡量使用大儲(chǔ)能電容,在線路板空余處鋪設(shè)覆銅,這樣會(huì)大大增強(qiáng)線路板的抗干擾性能。 ● 在芯片的電源和地兩端增加去耦電容,電容值為0.01~0.1μF,最好用陶瓷電容,每個(gè)芯片處都要加,這非常重要。 ● IO引腳處加上一個(gè)去耦電容,可以濾除大量的外部干擾。 ● 盡量減少高頻信號(hào)線的布線長(zhǎng)度,特別是時(shí)鐘信號(hào)線,由于頻率很高,布線越長(zhǎng)發(fā)出的電磁干擾就越強(qiáng)烈。同時(shí),也要盡量減小其他信號(hào)線的長(zhǎng)度。 ● 盡量使用表面貼裝芯片,這樣不僅可以縮短電路長(zhǎng)度,還不會(huì)發(fā)生因振動(dòng)、沖擊而松動(dòng)的情況。 電力系統(tǒng)用互感器是一種用于傳遞信息給測(cè)量?jī)x器、儀表、繼電保護(hù)和控制裝置的特殊變壓器,是一次系統(tǒng)與二次系統(tǒng)的聯(lián)絡(luò)單元,其一次繞組接入電網(wǎng),二次繞組分別與測(cè)量?jī)x表、保護(hù)裝置等相互連接[11-12].所以當(dāng)GIS中隔離開(kāi)關(guān)操作產(chǎn)生VFTO時(shí),互感器會(huì)通過(guò)繞組之間的傳遞將過(guò)電壓從一次繞組傳遞到二次繞組,從而使二次繞組承受幅值較大的傳遞過(guò)電壓,造成二次設(shè)備故障或者損壞,影響電氣設(shè)備的安全運(yùn)行[13-14]。
為了降低傳遞過(guò)電壓對(duì)二次設(shè)備的危害,互感器國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定從互感器一次側(cè)傳遞到二次側(cè)的傳遞過(guò)電壓峰值不大于1.6kV,同時(shí)規(guī)范了施加到一次側(cè)的過(guò)電壓波形。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)氣體絕緣金屬外殼全封閉式組合電器(GIS)用的互感器的傳遞過(guò)電壓試驗(yàn)要求施加B類沖擊電壓波,B類沖擊波要求波頭時(shí)間為10×(1±20%)ns,波尾時(shí)間大于100ns,and transmitted the data to the ground production scheduling center for real-time monitoring and alarm display. By detecting the water level and other parameters of the water sump, the system controls the water pumps to work in turn and starts the standby pumps in time, and reasonably schedules the operation of five water pumps. Through the touch screen, the system visually, visually and in real time reflects the working state of the system and parameters such as the water level of the water bunker, the working current of the motor, the motor temperature, the bearing temperature, and the flow of three drainage pipes through graphics, images, data, text, etc., and realizes data exchange with the integrated monitoring host through the communication module. The system has the characteristics of reliable operation, convenient operation, high degree of automation, and can save the running cost of the water pump. 2. System composition the automatic control system diagram of the underground main drainage pump in the central pump room of Daizhuang coal mine is shown in Figure 1. The whole automatic control system